bufalin, bufalin, (3alpha,5beta)-isomer
| Name | Bufalin | ||
| PubChem CID | 9547215 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 386.5g/mol | ||
| Synonyms |
bufalin, bufalin, (3alpha,5beta)-isomer |
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| Formula | C₂₄H₃₄O₄ | ||
| SMILES | CC12CCC(CC1CCC3C2CCC4(C3(CCC4C5=COC(=O)C=C5)O)C)O | ||
| InChI | 1S/C24H34O4/c1-22-10-7-17(25)13-16(22)4-5-20-19(22)8-11-23(2)18(9-12-24(20,23)27)15-3-6-21(26)28-14-15/h3,6,14,16-20,25,27H,4-5,7-13H2,1-2H3/t16-,17+,18-,19+,20-,22+,23-,24+/m1/s1 | ||
| InChIKey | QEEBRPGZBVVINN-BMPKRDENSA-N | ||
| CAS Number | 465-21-4 | ||
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL399680 | ||
| ChEBI ID | CHEBI:517248 | ||
| Herb ID | HBIN018981 | ||
| KEGG ID | C16922 | ||
| Toxicity | Organism | Test Type | Route(Dose) |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal(165 mg/kg) | |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal(254 mg/kg) | |
| rat | LD50 | oral(322 mg/kg) | |
| Structure | 
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Download
2D
MOL
3D
MOL
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| Chineses Pinyin | ChanChu | ||
| Use Part | Whole body | ||
| Species |
>Kingdom: Metazoa
-->Phylum: Chordata
-->Class: Amphibian
-->Order: Anura
-->Family: Bufonidae
-->Genus: Bufo
-->Species: Bufo gargarizans
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| Pair Name | Bufalin, Sorafenib | |||
| Partner Name | Sorafenib | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C25] | Lung cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | APAF1 | hsa317 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BAD | hsa572 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BAX | hsa581 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | BCL2 | hsa596 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | CASP3 | hsa836 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | CASP9 | hsa842 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | CAT | hsa847 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | SOD1 | hsa6647 | |
| In Vitro Model | NCI-H292 | Lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0455 |
| Result | Sorafenib in combination with bufalin shows more potent cytotoxic effects and cell apoptosis than sorafenib or bufalin treatment alone in NCI-H292 cells. The combined treatment significantly enhanced apoptotic cell death in NCI-H292 lung cancer cells by activating ROS-, mitochondria-, and caspase-signaling pathways in vitro. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Fluorouracil | |||
| Partner Name | Fluorouracil | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2B91] | Colorectal cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | BAD | hsa572 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BAX | hsa581 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | BCL2 | hsa596 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | MCL1 | hsa4170 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | XIAP | hsa331 | |
| In Vitro Model | HCT 116 | Colon carcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0291 |
| Result | Bufalin in combination with 5-FU may induce a higher level of apoptosis compared with monotherapy, and the combination mat be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Hydroxycamptothecin | |||
| Partner Name | Hydroxycamptothecin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C82] | Prostate cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Phosphorylation | AKT1 | hsa207 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BAX | hsa581 | |
| Down-regulation | Expression | BCL-xL | hsa598 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | GSK3B | hsa2932 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | PDCD4 | hsa27250 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | TP53 | hsa7157 | |
| In Vitro Model | DU145 | Prostate carcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0105 |
| In Vivo Model | Cell suspensions of DU 145 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were prepared at a concentration of 1×10⁷ cells/ml, using physiological saline. | |||
| Result | The present study suggested that the combination of bufalin and hydroxycampothecin improved the inhibitory effects of both drugs on CRPC tumors in vivo, potentially via the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β and p53-dependent apoptosis signaling pathways. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Sorafenib | |||
| Partner Name | Sorafenib | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C12] | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Tumor vascular microenvironment | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Phosphorylation | MTOR | hsa2475 |
| Down-regulation | Expression | VEGFA | hsa7422 | |
| In Vitro Model | PLC/PRF/5 | Adult hepatocellular carcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0485 |
| SMMC-7721 | Human papillomavirus-related cervical adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0534 | |
| In Vivo Model | A total of 5×10⁶ SMMC-7721 cells in 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected into the right flank of each mouse to form subcutaneous tumors. | |||
| Result | The results revealed a synergistic anti-hepatoma effect of bufalin combined with sorafenib via affecting the tumor vascular microenvironment by targeting mTOR/VEGF signaling. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 | |||
| Partner Name | 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2A60.Z] | Acute myeloid leukemia | Investigative | |
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | CYP24A1 | hsa1591 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | VDR | hsa7421 | |
| In Vitro Model | HL-60 | Adult acute myeloid leukemia | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0002 |
| Result | The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor bufalin modulates VDR function through several mechanisms, including Erk MAP kinase activation and increased nuclear VDR expression. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | |||
| Partner Name | 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2A60.Z] | Acute myeloid leukemia | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Expression | BIRC5 | hsa332 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | CASP3 | hsa836 | |
| In Vitro Model | NB4 | Acute promyelocytic leukemia | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0005 |
| Result | Bufalin is a potential regimen to be used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs to improve acute promyelocytic leukemia therapy. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand | |||
| Partner Name | TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C60] | Breast cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Expression | CBLB | hsa868 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | MAPK14 | hsa1432 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | MAPK3 | hsa5595 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | MAPK8 | hsa5599 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | TNFRSF10A | hsa8797 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | TNFRSF10B | hsa8795 | |
| In Vitro Model | MCF-7 | Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0031 |
| MDA-MB-231 | Breast adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0062 | |
| Result | Bufalin enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis by up-regulating the expression of DR4 and DR5. Bufalin-induced down-regulation of Cbl-b contributed to the up-regulation of DR4 and DR5, which might be partially mediated by the activation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Vorinostat | |||
| Partner Name | Vorinostat | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2A00-2F9Z] | Solid tumour or cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Activity | AKT1 | hsa207 |
| Down-regulation | Expression | BCL2 | hsa596 | |
| In Vitro Model | MDA-MB-231 | Breast adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0062 |
| A-549 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0023 | |
| Result | These accumulating data might guide development of new breast and lung cancer therapies. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, MK2206 | |||
| Partner Name | MK2206 | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2A83.1] | Plasma cell myeloma | Investigative | |
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | AKT1 | hsa207 |
| In Vitro Model | NCI-H929 | Plasma cell myeloma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_1600 |
| U266B1 | Plasma cell myeloma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0566 | |
| LP-1 | Plasma cell myeloma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0012 | |
| RPMI-8226 | Plasma cell myeloma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0014 | |
| Result | The data suggested that MK2206 significantly enhanced the cytocidal effects of bufalin in MM cells, regardless of the sensitivity to bortezomib, via the inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. The study provided the basis of a promising treatment approach for MM. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Doxorubicin | |||
| Partner Name | Doxorubicin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C12] | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | BAX | hsa581 |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BCL2 | hsa596 | |
| Up-regulation | Expression | BID | hsa637 | |
| In Vitro Model | Hep-G2 | Hepatoblastoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0027 |
| HLE | Adult hepatocellular carcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_1281 | |
| Result | These results suggested that the combination of cinobufacini and doxorubicin may provide a new strategy for inhibiting the proliferation of HCC cells. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Gemcitabine | |||
| Partner Name | Gemcitabine | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C10.0] | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | MAP3K5 | hsa4217 |
| In Vitro Model | BxPC-3 | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0186 |
| MIA PaCa-2 | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0428 | |
| PANC-1 | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0480 | |
| In Vivo Model | To establish xenograft model, each mouse was subcutaneously injected with 6×10⁶ Mia PaCa-2 cells in the back. | |||
| Result | These results suggest that bufalin may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer, which could enhance the antitumor efficacy of gemcitabine when used in combination, possibly through the activation of ASK1/JNK. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Cisplatin | |||
| Partner Name | Cisplatin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2B72] | Gastric cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Expression | AKT1 | hsa207 |
| In Vitro Model | SGC-7901 | Human papillomavirus-related cervical adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0520 |
| MKN45 | Gastric adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0434 | |
| BGC-823 | Human papillomavirus-related cervical adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_3360 | |
| Result | It was demonstrated that bufalin reversed acquired cisplatin resistance and significantly induced apoptosis through the AKT pathway. These results imply that bufalin could extend the therapeutic effect of cisplatin on GC cells when administered in combination. | |||
| Pair Name | Bufalin, Osimertinib | |||
| Partner Name | Osimertinib | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C25] | Lung cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Expression | MCL1 | hsa4170 |
| In Vitro Model | HCC827 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_2063 |
| PC-9 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_B260 | |
| Result | Our study suggests that bufalin eliminates resistance to osimertinib by inhibiting Ku70-mediated MCL-1 overexpression, indicating that a combination of osimertinib and bufalin could be an effective additional treatment to overcome acquired resistance to osimertinib in NSCLC cells. | |||
| No. | Title | Href |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Combination Treatment of Sorafenib and Bufalin Induces Apoptosis in NCI-H292 Human Lung Cancer Cells In Vitro. In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):582-595. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12741. | Click |
| 2 | Bufalin and 5-fluorouracil synergistically induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett. 2018 May;15(5):8019-8026. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.8332. | Click |
| 3 | Effects of low-dose bufalin combined with hydroxycamptothecin on human castration-resistant prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice. Exp Ther Med. 2021 Sep;22(3):1015. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10447. | Click |
| 4 | Synergistic anti-hepatoma effect of bufalin combined with sorafenib via mediating the tumor vascular microenvironment by targeting mTOR/VEGF signaling. Int J Oncol. 2018;52(6):2051-2060. doi:10.3892/ijo.2018.4351 | Click |
| 5 | Increased nuclear expression and transactivation of vitamin D receptor by the cardiotonic steroid bufalin in human myeloid leukemia cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2009 Apr;114(3-5):144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.01.022. | Click |
| 6 | Bufalin induces the apoptosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells via the downregulation of survivin expressionBufalin induces the apoptosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells via the downregulation of survivin expression. Acta Haematol. 2012;128(3):144-50. doi: 10.1159/000339424. | Click |
| 7 | Down-regulation of Cbl-b by bufalin results in up-regulation of DR4/DR5 and sensitization of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2012 Aug;138(8):1279-89. doi: 10.1007/s00432-012-1204-4. | Click |
| 8 | Inhibition of SRC-3 enhances sensitivity of human cancer cells to histone deacetylase inhibitorsInhibition of SRC-3 enhances sensitivity of human cancer cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016 Sep 9;478(1):227-233. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.063. | Click |
| 9 | MK2206 enhances the cytocidal effects of bufalin in multiple myeloma by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway. Cell Death Dis. 2017 May 11;8(5):e2776. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2017.188. | Click |
| 10 | Combination of Cinobufacini and Doxorubicin Increases Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through the Fas- and Mitochondria-Mediated Pathways. Am J Chin Med. 2017;45(7):1537-1556. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X17500835. | Click |
| 11 | Bufalin enhances the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancerBufalin enhances the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett. 2012 Oct;4(4):792-798. doi: 10.3892/ol.2012.783. | Click |
| 12 | Bufalin reverses intrinsic and acquired drug resistance to cisplatin through the AKT signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. Mol Med Rep. 2016 Aug;14(2):1817-22. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5426. | Click |
| 13 | Degradation of MCL-1 by bufalin reverses acquired resistance to osimertinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Sep 15;379:114662. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114662. | Click |
