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  1. General Info
  2. Effects Info
  3. Reference
Molecular Details
01. General Information
Name Beclin-1
UniProt ID BECN1_HUMAN
Gene Name BECN1
Gene ID 8678
Synonyms
BECN1, ATG6, VPS30, beclin1
Sequence
MEGSKTSNNSTMQVSFVCQRCSQPLKLDTSFKILDRVTIQELTAPLLTTAQAKPGETQEE
ETNSGEEPFIETPRQDGVSRRFIPPARMMSTESANSFTLIGEASDGGTMENLSRRLKVTG
DLFDIMSGQTDVDHPLCEECTDTLLDQLDTQLNVTENECQNYKRCLEILEQMNEDDSEQL
QMELKELALEEERLIQELEDVEKNRKIVAENLEKVQAEAERLDQEEAQYQREYSEFKRQQ
LELDDELKSVENQMRYAQTQLDKLKKTNVFNATFHIWHSGQFGTINNFRLGRLPSVPVEW
NEINAAWGQTVLLLHALANKMGLKFQRYRLVPYGNHSYLESLTDKSKELPLYCSGGLRFF
WDNKFDHAMVAFLDCVQQFKEEVEKGETRFCLPYRMDVEKGKIEDTGGSGGSYSIKTQFN
SEEQWTKALKFMLTNLKWGLAWVSSQFYNK
Pathway Map MAP LINK
T.C. Number 9.A.15.2.1
KEGG ID hsa8678
TTD ID T84616
Pfam PF01496; PF02601; PF03961; PF04111; PF05911; PF12777; PF13851; PF13863; PF14932; PF15285; PF17675
02. Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s)
Synergistic Effect
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Decreasing Drug Toxicity
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Combination Pair ID: 989
Pair Name Baicalein, Epirubicin
Phytochemical Name Baicalein
Anticancer drug Name Epirubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C12] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result BTME (200μg/mL) significantly enhanced epirubicin's cytotoxicity against Hep-G2 cells and ameliorated its safety profile. BTME could exert anti-hepatocarcinoma effect by enhancing apoptosis and autophagy
Combination Pair ID: 505
Pair Name Magnoflorine, Doxorubicin
Phytochemical Name Magnoflorine
Anticancer drug Name Doxorubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C60] Breast cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Magnoflorine improves sensitivity to doxorubicin (DOX) of breast cancer cells via inducing apoptosis and autophagy through AKT/mTOR and p38 signaling pathways
Combination Pair ID: 333
Pair Name Schisandrin B, Panitumumab
Phytochemical Name Schisandrin B
Anticancer drug Name Panitumumab
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B91] Colorectal cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result This novel combination therapy against CRC, allows the reduction of panitumumab dose to guard against its adverse effects.
Enhancing Drug Efficacy
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Combination Pair ID: 186
Pair Name Astragaloside IV, Bevacizumab
Phytochemical Astragaloside IV
Drug Bevacizumab
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C25] Lung cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result This paper demonstrates that AST-IV enhances the effect of BV on inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells through inhibiting autophagy pathway.
Combination Pair ID: 499
Pair Name Bisdemethoxycucurmin, Icotinib
Phytochemical Bisdemethoxycucurmin
Drug Icotinib
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C25] Lung cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our data indicate that BMDC has the potential to improve the treatment of primary EGFR-TKI resistant NISCLC that cannot be controlled with single-target agent, such as icotinib.
Combination Pair ID: 835
Pair Name Capsaicin, Fluorouracil
Phytochemical Capsaicin
Drug Fluorouracil
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C17] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result These results demonstrate that capsaicin may be a useful adjunct therapy to improve chemosensitivity in CCA. This effect likely occurs via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, suggesting a promising strategy for the development of combination drugs for CCA.
Combination Pair ID: 217
Pair Name Cucurbitacin B, Cisplatin
Phytochemical Cucurbitacin B
Drug Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C94] Bladder cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our results showed that CuB may be a new agent that can support conventional treatment in bladder cancer. Our study is important in terms of enlightening new pathways and developing new treatment methods in the treatment of bladder cancer.
Combination Pair ID: 943
Pair Name Escin, Sorafenib
Phytochemical Escin
Drug Sorafenib
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C12] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Escin and sorafenib combination potentially up-regulates p62 to block autophagy to induce late apoptosis in liver cancer cells.
Combination Pair ID: 486
Pair Name Gambogenic acid, Doxorubicin
Phytochemical Gambogenic acid
Drug Doxorubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C12] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Gambogenic Acid Inhibits Basal Autophagy of Drug-Resistant Hepatoma Cells and Improves Its Sensitivity to Adriamycin.
Combination Pair ID: 882
Pair Name Gambogic Acid, Chloroquine
Phytochemical Gambogic Acid
Drug Chloroquine
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C10.0] Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppress pancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species
Combination Pair ID: 198
Pair Name Genipin, Everolimus
Phytochemical Genipin
Drug Everolimus
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C10] Pancreatic cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result These results reveal novel mechanisms through which UCP2 promotes cancer cell proliferation and support the combined inhibition of UCP2 and of Akt/mTOR pathway as a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Combination Pair ID: 686
Pair Name Ginsenoside Rg3, Endostar
Phytochemical Ginsenoside Rg3
Drug Endostar
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C60] Breast cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Endostar combined with ginsenoside Rg3 has stronger inhibiting effect on breast cancer tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice than single drug, and it can inhibit angiogenesis and cell invasion, and enhance cell autophagy.
Combination Pair ID: 630
Pair Name Kaempferol, Cisplatin
Phytochemical Kaempferol
Drug Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C73] Ovarian cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Kaempferol Induces cell death in A2780 ovarian cancer cells and increases their sensitivity to cisplatin by activation of cytotoxic endoplasmic reticulum-mediated autophagy and inhibition of protein kinase B
Combination Pair ID: 854
Pair Name Kaempferol, Docetaxel
Phytochemical Kaempferol
Drug Docetaxel
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C82] Prostate cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result The above cellular and animal data suggest that docetaxel in combination with kaempferol has significant anti-prostate cancer effects and that it works by inducing autophagy in cells.
Combination Pair ID: 23
Pair Name Lycorine, Bortezomib
Phytochemical Lycorine
Drug Bortezomib
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A83] Multiple myeloma Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result We observed higher HMGB1 expression in bortezomib resistant cells and the combination of bortezomib plus lycorine was highly efficient in vitro and in vivo myeloma models as well as in re-sensitizing resistant cells to bortezomib. These observations indicate lycorine as an effective autophagy inhibitor and reveal that lycorine alone or in combination with bortezomib is a potential therapeutic strategy.
Combination Pair ID: 288
Pair Name Menadione, Ascorbic Acid
Phytochemical Menadione
Drug Ascorbic Acid
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A00] Glioblastoma multiforme Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result These results suggest that AA+MD or MD treatment in combination with autophagy inducers could be further investigated as a novel approach for glioblastoma therapy.
Combination Pair ID: 288
Pair Name Menadione, Ascorbic Acid
Phytochemical Menadione
Drug Ascorbic Acid
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A00] Glioblastoma multiforme Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Activity
Result These results suggest that AA+MD or MD treatment in combination with autophagy inducers could be further investigated as a novel approach for glioblastoma therapy.
Combination Pair ID: 119
Pair Name Morin Hydrate, Cisplatin
Phytochemical Morin Hydrate
Drug Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C12] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our findings indicate that CP-Mh in combination served as a prominent regulator of autophagy and significant inducer of apoptosis that maintains a homeostatic balance towards HepG2 cells and the subcutaneous tumor model.
Combination Pair ID: 991
Pair Name Nobiletin, Vorinostat
Phytochemical Nobiletin
Drug Vorinostat
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C25] Lung cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result The combination of nobiletin with vorinostat increased histone H3K9 and H3K27 acetylation levels in SCLC mouse tumor tissue and enhanced the expression of the BH3-only proteins BIM and BID. We conclude that nobiletin is a novel natural BH3 mimetic that can cooperate with vorinostat to induce apoptosis and autophagy in SCLC.
Combination Pair ID: 329
Pair Name Osthol, Temozolomide
Phytochemical Osthol
Drug Temozolomide
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A00] Glioblastoma multiforme Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our results indicated that osthole effectively eliminated glioma cells via apoptosis, what was correlated with Bcl-2/Beclin 1 complex formation. Considering the anti-migratory effect, osthole and Temozolomide display antiglioma potential but it needs further extensive studies.
Combination Pair ID: 360
Pair Name OSW-1, Carboplatin
Phytochemical OSW-1
Drug Carboplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C60] Breast cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our data revealed the mode of action and molecular mechanism underlying the effect of OSW-1 against TNBC, and provided a useful guidance for improving the sensitivity of TNBC cells to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which warrants further investigation.
Combination Pair ID: 364
Pair Name Piceatannol, Everolimus
Phytochemical Piceatannol
Drug Everolimus
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B72] Gastric cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Phosphorylation
Result The findings of this study strongly support the application of combinatorial piceatannol and everolimus therapy in future clinical trials for gastric cancer patients.
Combination Pair ID: 357
Pair Name Polyphyllin VI, Doxorubicin
Phytochemical Polyphyllin VI
Drug Doxorubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B91] Colorectal cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our results suggest that EEPP deserves further evaluation for development as complementary chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.
Combination Pair ID: 869
Pair Name Shogaol, Fluorouracil
Phytochemical Shogaol
Drug Fluorouracil
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B90] Colon cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our data suggest that the addition of 6-shogaol to established chemotherapeutic regimens could potentially be a remarkable therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.
Combination Pair ID: 45
Pair Name Solamargine, Bortezomib
Phytochemical Solamargine
Drug Bortezomib
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A83] Multiple myeloma Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result These findings indicate that SM exerts an anti-MM effect, at least in part, by activating cell autophagy and reveal that SM alone or in combination with BTZ is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating MM.
Combination Pair ID: 745
Pair Name Thymoquinone, Temozolomide
Phytochemical Thymoquinone
Drug Temozolomide
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2A00] Glioblastoma multiforme Investigative
Regulate Info Down-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result TQ enhanced the anti-cancer activity of TMZ by inhibition of autophagy at the transcriptional level and decreased the colony-forming ability and NO production of U87MG cell line.
Combination Pair ID: 237
Pair Name Triptonide, Cisplatin
Phytochemical Triptonide
Drug Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B72] Gastric cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Triptonide Restore Cisplatin Sensitivity in Drug-Resistant Gastric Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Protective Autophagy
Combination Pair ID: 190
Pair Name Ursolic acid, Epirubicin
Phytochemical Ursolic acid
Drug Epirubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C60] Breast cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result These findings indicate that UA can dramatically enhance the sensitivity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells to EPI by modulating the autophagy pathway. Our study may provide a new therapeutic strategy for combination therapy.
Reversing Drug Resistance
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Combination Pair ID: 713
Pair Name Beta-Elemene, Oxaliplatin
Phytochemical Beta-Elemene
Drug Oxaliplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B91] Colorectal cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Our findings show that β-elemene can block the reduction of CTR1 resulting from oxaliplatin treatment, and therefore has a synergistic anti-HCC effect with oxaliplatin by enhancing cellular uptake of oxaliplatin. The synergistic effects of β-elemene and oxaliplatin deserve further evaluation in clinical settings.
Combination Pair ID: 106
Pair Name Liquiritin, Cisplatin
Phytochemical Liquiritin
Drug Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B72] Gastric cancer Investigative
Regulate Info Up-regulation Beclin-1 Expression
Result Liquiritin induces apoptosis and autophagy in cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gastric cancer cells in vitro and xenograft nude mice in vivo
03. Reference
No. Title Href
1 Chemotherapeutic effect of baicalein/epirubicin combination against liver cell carcinoma in-vitro: Inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Toxicol In Vitro. 2024 Mar;95:105744. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105744. Click
2 Magnoflorine improves sensitivity to doxorubicin (DOX) of breast cancer cells via inducing apoptosis and autophagy through AKT/mTOR and p38 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jan;121:109139. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109139. Click
3 The potential effect of Schisandrin-B combination with panitumumab in wild-type and mutant colorectal cancer cell lines: Role of apoptosis and autophagy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2023 May;37(5):e23324. doi: 10.1002/jbt.23324. Click
4 Astragaloside IV enhances the sensibility of lung adenocarcinoma cells to bevacizumab by inhibiting autophagy. Drug Dev Res. 2022 Apr;83(2):461-469. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21878. Click
5 Our data indicate that BMDC has the potential to improve the treatment of primary EGFR-TKI resistant NISCLC that cannot be controlled with single-target agent, such as icotinib. Click
6 Capsaicin Enhances the Drug Sensitivity of Cholangiocarcinoma through the Inhibition of Chemotherapeutic-Induced Autophagy. PLoS One. 2015 May 1;10(5):e0121538. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121538. Click
7 Cucurbitacin B and cisplatin induce the cell death pathways in MB49 mouse bladder cancer model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2020 May;245(9):805-814. doi: 10.1177/1535370220917367. Click
8 Escin-sorafenib synergy up-regulates LC3-II and p62 to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Environ Toxicol. 2024 Feb;39(2):840-856. doi: 10.1002/tox.23988. Click
9 Gambogenic Acid Inhibits Basal Autophagy of Drug-Resistant Hepatoma Cells and Improves Its Sensitivity to Adriamycin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2022;45(1):63-70. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00511. Click
10 Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppress pancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Cancer Cell Int. 2019 Jan 5;19:7. doi: 10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Click
11 UCP2 inhibition induces ROS/Akt/mTOR axis: Role of GAPDH nuclear translocation in genipin/everolimus anticancer synergism. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 Dec;113:176-189. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.09.022. Click
12 Inhibiting effect of Endostar combined with ginsenoside Rg3 on breast cancer tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2016 Feb;9(2):180-3. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.01.010. Click
13 Kaempferol Induces Cell Death in A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells and Increases Their Sensitivity to Cisplatin by Activation of Cytotoxic Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mediated Autophagy and Inhibition of Protein Kinase B. Folia Biol (Praha). 2020;66(1):36-46. Click
14 Combination of Kaempferol and Docetaxel Induces Autophagy in Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 25;24(19):14519. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914519. Click
15 Lycorine Downregulates HMGB1 to Inhibit Autophagy and Enhances Bortezomib Activity in Multiple Myeloma. Theranostics. 2016 Sep 24;6(12):2209-2224. doi: 10.7150/thno.15584. Click
16 Combination of Ascorbic Acid and Menadione Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Mar 23;2022:2998132. doi: 10.1155/2022/2998132. Click
17 Combination of Ascorbic Acid and Menadione Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Mar 23;2022:2998132. doi: 10.1155/2022/2998132. Click
18 Morin Hydrate Sensitizes Hepatoma Cells and Xenograft Tumor towards Cisplatin by Downregulating PARP-1-HMGB1 Mediated Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 4;21(21):8253. doi: 10.3390/ijms21218253. Click
19 The novel small molecule BH3 mimetic nobiletin synergizes with vorinostat to induce apoptosis and autophagy in small cell lung cancer. Biochem Pharmacol. 2023 Oct;216:115807. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115807. Click
20 Coumarins modulate the anti-glioma properties of temozolomide. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Aug 15;881:173207. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173207. Click
21 OSW-1 induces apoptosis and cyto-protective autophagy, and synergizes with chemotherapy on triple negative breast cancer metastasis. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2022 Dec;45(6):1255-1275. doi: 10.1007/s13402-022-00716-2. Click
22 Piceatannol enhances Beclin-1 activity to suppress tumor progression and its combination therapy strategy with everolimus in gastric cancer. Sci China Life Sci. 2023 Feb;66(2):298-312. doi: 10.1007/s11427-022-2185-9. Click
23 Paris Polyphylla Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cells via Inducing Autophagy and Enhancing the Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drug Doxorubicin. Molecules. 2019 Jun 3;24(11):2102. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112102. Click
24 6-Shogaol enhances the anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan via increase of apoptosis and autophagy in colon cancer cells in hypoxic/aglycemic conditions. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 May 11;20(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-02913-8. Click
25 Solamargine induces autophagy-mediated apoptosis and enhances bortezomib activity in multiple myeloma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2022 Jun;49(6):674-685. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.13643. Click
26 Thymoquinone synergistically potentiates temozolomide cytotoxicity through the inhibition of autophagy in U87MG cell line. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2016 Aug;19(8):890-898. Click
27 Triptonide Restore Cisplatin Sensitivity in Drug-Resistant Gastric Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Protective Autophagy Click
28 Ursolic Acid Enhances the Sensitivity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cells to Epirubicin by Modulating the Autophagy Pathway. Molecules. 2022 May 25;27(11):3399. doi: 10.3390/molecules27113399. Click
29 β-elemene sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to oxaliplatin by preventing oxaliplatin-induced degradation of copper transporter 1. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 12;6:21010. doi: 10.1038/srep21010. Click
30 Liquiritin induces apoptosis and autophagy in cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gastric cancer cells in vitro and xenograft nude mice in vivo. Int J Oncol. 2017 Nov;51(5):1383-1394. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4134. Click
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