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6',12'-dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyl-6,7-(methylenebis(oxy))oxyacanthan, cepharanthin, cepharanthine

No.	Title	Href
1	Cepharanthine sensitizes human triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin via inducing cofilin oxidation-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jan;43(1):177-193. doi: 10.1038/s41401-021-00715-3.	`Click`
2	Effects of cepharanthine alone and in combination with fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent, S-1, on tumor growth of human oral squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Anticancer Res. 2009 Apr;29(4):1263-70.	`Click`
3	Cepharanthine hydrochloride reverses the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein)-mediated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell cisplatin resistance through JNK and p53 signals. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 27;8(67):111144-111160. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22676.	`Click`

No.

Title

Href

Cepharanthine sensitizes human triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin via inducing cofilin oxidation-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jan;43(1):177-193. doi: 10.1038/s41401-021-00715-3.

Click

Effects of cepharanthine alone and in combination with fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent, S-1, on tumor growth of human oral squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Anticancer Res. 2009 Apr;29(4):1263-70.

Click

Cepharanthine hydrochloride reverses the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein)-mediated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell cisplatin resistance through JNK and p53 signals. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 27;8(67):111144-111160. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22676.

Click

Name	Cepharanthine
PubChem CID	10206
Molecular Weight	606.7g/mol
Synonyms	6',12'-dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyl-6,7-(methylenebis(oxy))oxyacanthan, cepharanthin, cepharanthine
Formula	C₃₇H₃₈N₂O₆
SMILES	CN1CCC2=CC3=C(C4=C2C1CC5=CC=C(C=C5)OC6=C(C=CC(=C6)CC7C8=CC(=C(C=C8CCN7C)OC)O4)OC)OCO3
InChI	1S/C37H38N2O6/c1-38-13-11-24-18-31(41-4)33-20-27(24)28(38)16-23-7-10-30(40-3)32(17-23)44-26-8-5-22(6-9-26)15-29-35-25(12-14-39(29)2)19-34-36(37(35)45-33)43-21-42-34/h5-10,17-20,28-29H,11-16,21H2,1-4H3/t28-,29+/m1/s1
InChIKey	YVPXVXANRNDGTA-WDYNHAJCSA-N
CAS Number	481-49-2
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL449782
ChEBI ID	CHEBI:3546
Herb ID	HBIN020124
Drug Bank ID	DB16824
KEGG ID	C09391
Toxicity	Organism	Test Type	Route(Dose)
	rat	LD50	intraperitoneal(165 mg/kg)
	mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal(254 mg/kg)
	rat	LD50	oral(322 mg/kg)
Structure			Download 2D MOL 3D MOL

Chineses Pinyin	BaiYaoZi
Use Part	Tuberoid
Habitat	JiangSu, AnHui, ZheJiang, JiangXi, FuJian, TaiWan, HuNan, GuangDong, GuangXi, GuiZhou
Flavor	Bitter, Pungent
Meridian Tropism	Lung, Stomach

Chineses Pinyin	DiBuRong
Use Part	Tuber
Habitat	HuNan, GuangDong, GuangXi, GuiZhou
Flavor	Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Stomach, Lung, Liver
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Ranunculales 　　　　-->Family: Menispermaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Stephania 　　　　　　-->Species: Stephania epigaea

Chineses Pinyin	JinXianDiaoWuGui
Use Part	Root tuber
Habitat	Shaanxi, GanSu, QingHai, NingXia, XinJiang, ZheJiang, JiangSu, TaiWan, SiChuan, GuiZhou, YunNan, XiZang, ChongQing, BeiJing, TianJin, ShanDong, JiangSu, ShangHai, GuangDong, HaiNan, FuJian, Hongkong
Flavor	Bitter

Chineses Pinyin	TaiWanQianJinTeng
Use Part	Rhizome
Habitat	TaiWan
Flavor	Sweet
Meridian Tropism	Liver, Stomach
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Ranunculales 　　　　-->Family: Menispermaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Stephania 　　　　　　-->Species: Stephania sasaki

Chineses Pinyin	QianJinTeng
Flavor	Pungent; Bitter
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Ranunculales 　　　　-->Family: Menispermaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Stephania 　　　　　　-->Species: Stephania japonica

Pair Name	Cepharanthine, Epirubicin
Partner Name	Epirubicin
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2C60]	Breast cancer		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Mitochondrial fission and apoptosis
Gene Regulation	Up-regulation	Cleavage	CASP3	hsa836
	Up-regulation	Expression	CFL1	hsa1072
	Up-regulation	Expression	CYCS	hsa54205
	Down-regulation	Phosphorylation	DNM1L	hsa10059
	Down-regulation	Phosphorylation	LIMK1	hsa3984
	Up-regulation	Expression	LINC01554	KEGG ID N.A.
	Up-regulation	Expression	MAP1LC3B	hsa81631
	Up-regulation	Expression	MFF	hsa56947
	Down-regulation	Expression	MFN1	hsa55669
	Down-regulation	Expression	MFN2	hsa9927
	Down-regulation	Expression	OPA1	hsa4976
	Up-regulation	Cleavage	PARP1	hsa142
	Up-regulation	Expression	PINK1	hsa65018
	Up-regulation	Expression	PRKN	hsa5071
	Up-regulation	Expression	SQSTM1	hsa8878
In Vitro Model	MDA-MB-231	Breast adenocarcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0062
In Vitro Model	BT-549	Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_1092
In Vivo Model	MDA-MB-231 cells were suspended in a 1:1 ratio in DMEM medium with a Matrigel basement membrane matrix . Cells (4×10⁷) were inoculated in the right legs of mice.
Result	Cepharanthine sensitizes human triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin via inducing cofilin oxidation-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis

Pair Name	Cepharanthine, S-1
Partner Name	S-1
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2B66.0]	Oral squamous cell carcinoma		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation	Down-regulation	Expression	DPYD	hsa1806
Gene Regulation	Down-regulation	Expression	TYMS	hsa7298
In Vitro Model	HSC-2	Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_1287
In Vitro Model	B88	B88 cells were isolated from an OSCC patient	/	N.A.
In Vivo Model	B88 or HSC2 cells (1×10⁶) were suspended in 0.1 mL of serum-free medium and injected into the subcutaneous tissue of 5-week-old nude mice.
Result	Combined therapy of cepharanthine and S-1 exerted antitumor effects on human OSCC xenografts markedly and significantly induced apoptotic cells in tumors treated with cepharanthine plus S-1.

Pair Name	Cepharanthine, Cisplatin
Partner Name	Cisplatin
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2B70]	Esophageal cancer		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Blockade of cell cycle in G2/M phase
Gene Regulation	Down-regulation	Expression	ABCB1	hsa5243
	Up-regulation	Expression	APAF1	hsa317
	Up-regulation	Expression	BAX	hsa581
	Down-regulation	Expression	BCL2	hsa596
	Up-regulation	Cleavage	CASP3	hsa836
	Up-regulation	Cleavage	CASP9	hsa842
	Up-regulation	Expression	CDKN1A	hsa1026
	Up-regulation	Expression	CYCS	hsa54205
	Up-regulation	Phosphorylation	JUN	hsa3725
	Up-regulation	Phosphorylation	MAPK8	hsa5599
	Up-regulation	Cleavage	PARP1	hsa142
	Up-regulation	Expression	TP53	hsa7157
In Vitro Model	Eca-109	Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_6898
In Vivo Model	Eca109 (3×10⁶) and Eca109/CDDP cells were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into the flanks of mice.
Result	Cepharanthine hydrochloride reverses the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein)-mediated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell cisplatin resistance through JNK and p53 signals