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  1. General Info
  2. Source Info
  3. Effects Info
  4. Reference
Phytochemical Details
01. General Information
Name Hesperetin
PubChem CID 72281
Molecular Weight 302.28g/mol
Synonyms

(-)-hesperetin, 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone, hesperetin, hesperitin

Formula C₁₆H₁₄O₆
SMILES COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O
InChI 1S/C16H14O6/c1-21-13-3-2-8(4-10(13)18)14-7-12(20)16-11(19)5-9(17)6-15(16)22-14/h2-6,14,17-19H,7H2,1H3/t14-/m0/s1
InChIKey AIONOLUJZLIMTK-AWEZNQCLSA-N
CAS Number 520-33-2
ChEMBL ID CHEMBL399121
ChEBI ID CHEBI:28230
Herb ID HBIN029190
Drug Bank ID DB01094
KEGG ID C01709
Structure 2D-img
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2D MOL 3D MOL
02. Source Information of Phytochemical
Citrus limon Warm
Chineses Pinyin NingMeng
Use Part Fruit
Habitat China
Species
>Kingdom: Viridiplantae
 -->Phylum: Streptophyta
  -->Class: Equisetopsida
   -->Order: Sapindales
    -->Family: Rutaceae
     -->Genus: Citrus
      -->Species: Citrus limon
03. Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s)
Synergistic Effect
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Drug(s) whose efficacy can be enhanced by this phytochemical
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Combination Pair ID: 87
Pair Name Hesperetin, Doxorubicin
Partner Name Doxorubicin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C60] Breast cancer Investigative
Biological Phenomena Induction-->Blockade of cell cycle in G2/M phase
Gene Regulation Down-regulation Expression ERBB2 hsa2064
Down-regulation Expression MMP9 hsa4318
Down-regulation Expression RAC1 hsa5879
In Vitro Model MCF-7/HER2-18 Invasive breast carcinoma Homo sapiens (Human) CVCL_0U80
Result These results indicated that the combination of Hst and Dox-induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, decreased HER2, Rac1, MMP9 expression, and cell migration. Thus, Hst may have the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent combined with doxorubicin toward HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells.
Combination Pair ID: 646
Pair Name Hesperetin, Cisplatin
Partner Name Cisplatin
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B72] Gastric cancer Investigative
Biological Phenomena Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation Up-regulation Expression AIFM1 hsa9131
Down-regulation Phosphorylation AKT1 hsa207
Up-regulation Expression BAX hsa581
Down-regulation Expression BCL2 hsa596
Up-regulation Cleavage CASP3 hsa836
Up-regulation Cleavage CASP9 hsa842
Down-regulation Expression CCND1 hsa595
Up-regulation Expression PTEN hsa5728
In Vitro Model SGC-7901 Human papillomavirus-related cervical adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens (Human) CVCL_0520
HGC-27 Gastric carcinoma Homo sapiens (Human) CVCL_1279
MGC-803 Gastric mucinous adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens (Human) CVCL_5334
GES-1 Healthy Homo sapiens (Human) CVCL_EQ22
In Vivo Model HGC-27 cells were suspended in 100 ul of PBS, and then implanted into the dorsal area, subcutaneously, of male BALB/c nude mice.
Result Hesperetin could inhibit the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway and induce the mitochondrial pathway via upregulating PTEN expression, thereby significantly enhancing DDP's anti-tumor effect on GC
Combination Pair ID: 992
Pair Name Hesperetin, Capecitabine
Partner Name Capecitabine
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2B90] Colon cancer Investigative
Biological Phenomena Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation Up-regulation Expression IL4 hsa3565
Up-regulation Expression IL4 hsa3565
Down-regulation Expression MKI67 hsa4288
Up-regulation Expression TP53 hsa7157
Up-regulation Expression TP53 hsa7157
In Vivo Model The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-carcinogenic effects of hesperetin (HES) alone and in combination with capecitabine (CAP) on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. The rats were given DMH at 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/week for 12 weeks and were orally treated with HES (25 mg/kg b.w.) and/or CAP (200 mg/kg b.w.) every other day for 8 weeks.
Result It can be suggested that both HES and CAP, singly or in combination, have the potential to exert chemopreventive effects against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis via the suppression of oxidative stress, the stimulation of the antioxidant defense system, the attenuation of inflammatory effects, the reduction in cell proliferation and the enhancement of apoptosis.
Drug(s) whose toxicity can be decreased by this phytochemical
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Combination Pair ID: 993
Pair Name Hesperetin, Sorafenib
Partner Name Sorafenib
Disease Info [ICD-11: 2C12] Hepatocellular carcinoma Investigative
Biological Phenomena Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation Down-regulation Expression DNM1L hsa10059
In Vivo Model Swiss albino mice were orally administered sorafenib (100 mg/kg) alone or in combination with hesperetin (50 mg/kg) over 21 days.
Result Hesperetin exhibits potential as an adjunct to sorafenib, mitigating its side effects by attenuating its toxicity, enhancing efficacy, and potentially reducing the occurrence of sorafenib-induced resistance through the downregulation of hepatocyte growth factor levels.
04. Reference
No. Title Href
1 Protective role of hesperetin in sorafenib-induced hepato- and neurotoxicity in mice via modulating apoptotic pathways and mitochondrial reprogramming. Life Sci. 2024 Jan 1;336:122295. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122295. Click
2 Cytotoxic and Antimetastatic Activity of Hesperetin and Doxorubicin Combination Toward Her2 Expressing Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 May 1;21(5):1259-1267. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.5.1259. Click
3 Hesperetin Promotes Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo by Upregulating PTEN Expression. Front Pharmacol. 2020 Aug 27;11:1326. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01326. Click
4 Hesperetin and Capecitabine Abate 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Enhancing Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Actions. Life (Basel). 2023 Apr 11;13(4):984. doi: 10.3390/life13040984. Click
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