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Synergistic

Reference

Phytochemical Details

01. General Information

Name	Euphol
PubChem CID	441678
Molecular Weight	426.7g/mol
Synonyms	8,24-euphadien-3 beta-ol, euphol
Formula	C₃₀H₅₀O
SMILES	CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CCC2(C1(CCC3=C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)C)C
InChI	1S/C30H50O/c1-20(2)10-9-11-21(3)22-14-18-30(8)24-12-13-25-27(4,5)26(31)16-17-28(25,6)23(24)15-19-29(22,30)7/h10,21-22,25-26,31H,9,11-19H2,1-8H3/t21-,22+,25+,26+,28-,29+,30-/m1/s1
InChIKey	CAHGCLMLTWQZNJ-WZLOIPHISA-N
CAS Number	514-47-6
ChEMBL ID	CHEMBL465181
ChEBI ID	CHEBI:4940
Herb ID	HBIN026184
KEGG ID	C08624
Structure		Download 2D MOL 3D MOL

02. Source Information of Phytochemical

(1) Omphalia lapidescens Cold

Chineses Pinyin	LeiWan
Use Part	Sclerotium
Habitat	HuNan, JiangXi, ZheJiang, FuJian, GuangDong, GuiZhou, YunNan, HaiNan, XiZang, TaiWan, GanSu, Shaanxi, HuBei, HeNan, SiChuan, GuangXi
Flavor	Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Stomach, Large intestine

(2) Euphorbia kansui Cold

Chineses Pinyin	GanSui
Use Part	Tuberoid
Habitat	ShanXi, ShanDong, Shaanxi, HeNan, NingXia, GanSu
Flavor	Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Lung, Kidney, Large intestine
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia kansui

(3) Euphorbia pekinensis Cold

Chineses Pinyin	JingDaJi
Use Part	Root
Habitat	JiangSu, SiChuan, JiangXi, GuangXi
Flavor	Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Lung, Spleen, Kidney
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia pekinensis

(4) Fomes officinalis Warm

Chineses Pinyin	ALiHong
Use Part	Sporocarp
Habitat	XinJiang
Flavor	Sweet, Bitter

(5) Boswellia carterii Warm

Chineses Pinyin	RuXiang
Use Part	Balsam
Habitat	Ethiopia , Somalia
Flavor	Pungent, Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Heart, Liver, Spleen

(6) Peganum harmala Even

Chineses Pinyin	LuoTuoPeng
Use Part	Whole Grass
Habitat	NeiMengGu, NingXia, GanSu, XinJiang, XiZang
Flavor	Pungent, Bitter
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Sapindales 　　　　-->Family: Nitrariaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Peganum 　　　　　　-->Species: Peganum harmala

(7) Alkekengi officinarum Cold

Chineses Pinyin	SuanJiang
Use Part	Whole Herb
Habitat	Shaanxi, GanSu, HeNan, HuBei, HuNan, SiChuan, GuiZhou, YunNan
Flavor	Sour, Bitter
Meridian Tropism	Lung, Spleen
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Solanales 　　　　-->Family: Solanaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Alkekengi 　　　　　　-->Species: Alkekengi officinarum

(8) Euphorbia royleana Even

Chineses Pinyin	BaWangBian
Use Part	Whole Herb
Habitat	YunNan
Flavor	Bitter, Astringent
Meridian Tropism	Heart, Spleen
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia royleana

(9) Lycium barbarum Cool

Chineses Pinyin	GouQiYe
Use Part	Leaf
Habitat	NingXia, Shaanxi, GanSu, QingHai, NingXia, XinJiang
Flavor	Bitter, Sweet
Meridian Tropism	Liver, Spleen
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Solanales 　　　　-->Family: Solanaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Lycium 　　　　　　-->Species: Lycium barbarum

(10) Lannea coromandelica Cool

Chineses Pinyin	HouPiShu
Use Part	Bark
Habitat	YunNan, GuangDong
Flavor	Bland, Astringent
Meridian Tropism	Liver
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Sapindales 　　　　-->Family: Anacardiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Lannea 　　　　　　-->Species: Lannea coromandelica

(11) Coriandrum sativum Warm

Chineses Pinyin	HuSui
Use Part	Coriandrum Sativum L.Dry With Root Whole Herb
Habitat	China
Flavor	Pungent
Meridian Tropism	Lung, Stomach
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Apiales 　　　　-->Family: Apiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Coriandrum 　　　　　　-->Species: Coriandrum sativum

(12) Euphorbia antiquorum Cold

Chineses Pinyin	HuoYangLe
Use Part	Stem, Leaf
Habitat	India
Flavor	Bitter
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia antiquorum

(13) Euphorbia prolifera Even

Chineses Pinyin	JiChangLangDu
Use Part	Root
Habitat	BeiJing, TianJin, HeBei, ShanXi, NeiMengGu, LiaoNing, JiLin, HeiLongJiang, ShanDong, HeNan, XiZang, Shaanxi, GanSu, QingHai, NingXia, XinJiang, YunNan
Flavor	Mildly pungent, Sweet
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia prolifera

(14) Solanum melongena Cool

Chineses Pinyin	Qie
Use Part	Fruit
Habitat	China
Flavor	Sweet
Meridian Tropism	Spleen, Stomach, Large intestine
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Solanales 　　　　-->Family: Solanaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Solanum 　　　　　　-->Species: Solanum melongena

(15) Calonyction muricatum Cold

Chineses Pinyin	TianQieZi
Use Part	Fruit, Seed, Leaf
Habitat	YunNan, HeNan, HuBei, HuNan
Flavor	Bitter
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Solanales 　　　　-->Family: Convolvulaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Calonyction 　　　　　　-->Species: Calonyction muricatum

(16) Euphorbia lathyris Warm

Chineses Pinyin	XuSuiZiJingZhongBaiZhi
Use Part	White Juice In Stem
Habitat	HeiLongJiang, JiLin, LiaoNing, HeBei, ShanXi, JiangSu, ZheJiang, FuJian, TaiWan, HeNan, HuNan, GuangXi, SiChuan, GuiZhou, YunNan
Flavor	Pungent
Meridian Tropism	Lung
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia lathyris

(17) Olea europaea Even

Chineses Pinyin	YouGanLan
Use Part	Fruit
Habitat	HuNan, JiangXi, ZheJiang, FuJian, GuangDong, GuiZhou, YunNan, HaiNan, XiZang, TaiWan
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Lamiales 　　　　-->Family: Oleaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Olea 　　　　　　-->Species: Olea europaea

(18) Costus speciosus Cold

Chineses Pinyin	ZhangLiuTou
Use Part	Rhizome
Habitat	TaiWan, GuangDong, HaiNan, GuangXi, YunNan
Flavor	Pungent
Meridian Tropism	Kidney

(19) Hippophae rhamnoides Unknown

Chineses Pinyin	ZhongYaShaJi
Use Part	Fruit
Habitat	XinJiang
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Rosales 　　　　-->Family: Elaeagnaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Hippophae 　　　　　　-->Species: Hippophae rhamnoides

(20) Euphorbia tirucalli Cool

Chineses Pinyin	LvYuShu
Use Part	Whole herb
Species	>Kingdom: Viridiplantae 　-->Phylum: Streptophyta 　　-->Class: Equisetopsida 　　　-->Order: Malpighiales 　　　　-->Family: Euphorbiaceae 　　　　　-->Genus: Euphorbia 　　　　　　-->Species: Euphorbia tirucalli

03. Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s)

Synergistic Effect

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Drug(s) whose efficacy can be enhanced by this phytochemical

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Combination Pair ID: 257

Ref_1

Pair Name	Euphol, Temozolomide
Partner Name	Temozolomide
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2A00]	Glioblastoma multiforme		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Autophagy
Gene Regulation	Up-regulation	Expression	MAP1LC3B	hsa81631
In Vitro Model	GaMG	Glioblastoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_1226
In Vitro Model	U-373MG ATCC	Astrocytoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_2219
Result	These findings provide experimental support for further development of euphol as a novel therapeutic agent for GBM, either alone or in combination chemotherapy.

04. Reference

No.	Title	Href
1	Euphol, a tetracyclic triterpene, from Euphorbia tirucalli induces autophagy and sensitizes temozolomide cytotoxicity on glioblastoma cells. Invest New Drugs. 2019 Apr;37(2):223-237. doi: 10.1007/s10637-018-0620-y.	`Click`